SS-31 Provides Neuroprotection by Reversing Mitochondrial Dysfunction after Traumatic Brain Injury

Figure 4

SS-31 reserved the mitochondrial function. (a, b) The mitochondrial SOD activity and MDA content represented the mitochondrial oxidative homeostasis. SOD was increased; inversely, MDA was reduced after SS-31 treatment. per group. (c) Bax was the mitochondrial proapoptotic protein and cytochrome c was the mitochondrial intrinsic protein. Western blot analysis showed that Bax was decreased while cytochrome c was restored after SS-31 administration. (d, e) Relative protein levels were normalized to the level of COX IV and then were measured by ImageJ. per group. Data are presented as mean ± SEM; , , versus the sham group; , versus the TBI + vehicle group.

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