Polypharmacological Profiles Underlying the Antitumor Property of Salvia miltiorrhiza Root (Danshen) Interfering with NOX-Dependent Neutrophil Extracellular Traps

Figure 1

Danshen inhibits lung metastases in vivo. (a) BGC-823 cells transduced with RFP protein were injected into the tail vein of BALB/c athymic nude mice, and the ex vivo fluorescence signal of the surface lung metastases was quantified after four weeks. The ex vivo images of isolated lung from vehicle (normal saline, control, i.p.), paclitaxel (10 mg/kg, every 3 days for a total of 9 injections), or danshen injection- (DSI-, 780 mg/kg, q.d. for a total 28 injections) treated mice ( per group) were shown in (a), and representative lung H&E sections of metastases (×100) were shown in (b). Scale bar indicates 1 cm (a) and 500 μm (b), respectively. (c) Quantification (mean ± SD, ) of logarithmic transform of ROI (log 10) in the control and treated groups are portrayed. Statistical comparison between control and treated groups was carried out using Student’s -test ( between control and paclitaxel and between control and DSI). (d) Quantification of foci number (mean ± SEM, ) using histological analysis of metastatic tumors in lung slides. Statistical comparison between control and treated groups was carried out using Student’s -test ( between control and paclitaxel and between control and DSI). (e) Changes of body weight after drug treatment were recorded every day. (f) Survival analysis of mice with different treatments from the first four weeks and then free of drug intervention until death. The data were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis with the log-rank test ( between control and paclitaxel and between control and DSI, ).

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