Phagocytosis of Candida albicans Inhibits Autophagic Flux in Macrophages

Figure 4

Candida albicans treatment decreases autophagy via an MTOR-independent mechanism. (a) THP-1-derived macrophages were treated with or without C. albicans and rapamycin for 8 hours in the presence or absence of E-64d and pepstatin. The level of LC3 protein was determined by Western blotting. The ratio of LC3-II/β-actin was calculated. (b, c) THP-1-derived macrophages were treated with or without C. albicans and torin1/pp242 for 8 hours. The level of MTORC1 and MTORC2 activity was detected using Western blotting. Bars represent the mean ± SEM of independent experiments (; ).

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