Toxic Effects of Trazodone on Male Reproductive System via Disrupting Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Testicular Axis and Inducing Testicular Oxidative Stress

Table 3

Johnsen’s scores and semiquantitative comparison of pathology at the cellular level.

	Johnsen’s score ± SE ()	Spermatogonial swelling	Cytoplasmic vacuolation	Deformation of cellular architecture
C	9.60 ± 0.45	−	−	−
TRZ-5	9.15 ± 0.24	+	+	−
TRZ-10	8.69 ± 0.29	++	++	++
TRZ-20	7.70 ± 0.34	+++	+++	+++

Johnsen’s mean testicular biopsy scores (1: no cells–10: complete spermatogenesis) and three pathological viewpoints (spermatogonial swelling, cytoplasmic vacuolation, and deformation of cellular architecture) estimated at the cellular level on a semiquantitative scale according to their degrees (+: low; ++: moderate; +++: high). C: control group; TRZ-5: 5 mg kg⁻¹ trazodone-treated rats for the 28-day group; TRZ-10: 10 mg kg⁻¹ trazodone-treated rats for the 28-day group; TRZ-20: 20 mg kg⁻¹ trazodone-treated rats for the 28-day group. All data were expressed as mean ± standard error. Different from C ().