Increased F2-Isoprostane Levels in Semen and Immunolocalization of the 8-Iso Prostaglandin F2α in Spermatozoa from Infertile Patients with Varicocele
Table 1
Semen parameters (means ± standard error and medians) of men classified into three groups (fertile controls, men with idiopathic infertility, and infertile men with varicocele).
Variables
Diagnosis
Statistics
Fertile men
Idiopathic infertile
Infertile varicocele
Kruskal-Wallis
Mann–Whitney U test
Sperm/mL
Fertile versus idiopathic; fertile versus varicocele; idiopathic versus varicocele
Media ± SD
146.73 ± 65.55
10.82 ± 16.63
68.96 ± 65.94
Median
153.00
1.70
49.00
Mot (%)
Fertile versus idiopathic; fertile versus varicocele
Media ± SD
53.38 ± 18.81
30.31 ± 28
33.08 ± 25.2
Median
52.00
22.00
31.00
Morphology (%)
Fertile versus idiopathic; fertile versus varicocele; idiopathic versus varicocele
Media ± SD
18.31 ± 8.28
6.77 ± 4.59
10.68 ± 5.29
Median
16.00
9.00
11.00
Vitality (%)
Fertile versus idiopathic; fertile versus varicocele; idiopathic versus varicocele
Media ± SD
82.77 ± 6.46
60.15 ± 21.38
73.48 ± 11.11
Median
85.00
60.00
75.00
FI
Fertile versus idiopathic; fertile versus varicocele; idiopathic versus varicocele
Media ± SD
7471850.69 ± 8904134.66
230072.23 ± 428981.78
794594.64 ± 721287.10
Median
3804591.00
17484.00
674322.00
A (%)
Fertile versus idiopathic; idiopathic versus varicocele
Media ± SD
4.07 ± 1.81
11.84 ± 7.61
4.29 ± 1.08
Median
4.06
9.32
4.13
N (%)
Fertile versus idiopathic; idiopathic versus Varicocele
Media ± SD
30.46 ± 6.86
47.10 ± 17.34
31.43 ± 9.35
Median
29.05
42.84
32.88
I (%)
Fertile versus idiopathic; fertile versus varicocele; idiopathic versus varicocele
Media ± SD
42.63 ± 9.68
53.61 ± 6.27
71.45 ± 8.27
Median
44.91
54.00
73.58
F2-IsoPs (ng/mL)
Fertile versus varicocele; idiopathic versus varicocele
Media ± SD
17.22 ± 12.08
24.30 ± 50.40
85.19 ± 44.27
Median
13.33
7.20
88.06
vol: volume in mL; sperm/mL: the number of spermatozoa/mL; Mot (%): the percentage of sperm with rapid + slow progressive motility; morphology (%): the percentage of sperm with normal morphology; vitality (%): the percentage of viable sperm evaluated by optical microscopy; FI: fertility index is a number indicating the fertility power of ejaculated sperm—the number of sperm probably is devoid of defects; A (%): the percentage of sperm apoptosis; N (%): the percentage of sperm necrosis; I (%): the percentage of sperm immaturity evaluated by TEM; F2-IsoPs: semen F2-IsoP levels evaluated by the GC/NICI-MS/MS analysis (ng/mL). ;.
