Genetically Engineered Resveratrol-Enriched Rice Inhibits Neuroinflammation in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated BV2 Microglia Via Downregulating Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Nuclear Factor Kappa B Signaling Pathway

Figure 3

Treatment α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol inhibits the nitrite production and expression of iNOS and COX-2 against LPS-activated microglia cells. BV2 microglial cells were activated with LPS (100 ng/mL) 30 min before sample treatment, and samples of different concentrations were added under the same condition. Incubation of LPS and sample was performed for 6 h for iNOS and COX-2 expression and 24 h for nitrite production assay. (a, b) Nitrite production and cell viability of LPS-activated BV2 microglial cells after treatment of α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol (c–e) iNOS and COX-2 expression and their respective band intensity. Tubulin was used as loading control. All data are presented as the mean ± standard error of the mean of three independent experiments. and indicate significant differences compared with LPS treatment alone. indicates significant differences compared with untreated control group. Ctl, untreated control and LPS, lipopolysaccharide.

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