The Associations between Infertility and Antioxidants, Proinflammatory Cytokines, and Chemokines

Table 4

Parameters related to oxidative stress intensity in seminal plasma and spermatozoa (MDA: malondialdehyde; TOS: total oxidant status); value—-test.

	Control		Oligospermia				Asthenospermia				Oligoasthenospermia
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Relative change	value	Mean	SD	Relative change	value	Mean	SD	Relative change	value
MDA concentration (μmol/dl packed spermatozoa)	0.56	0.19	0.41	0.09	−26%	<0.001	0.45	0.12	−20%	0.006	0.42	0.09	−26%	0.002
MDA concentration (μmol//l)	2.41	0.98	2.63	1.18	9%	0.125	2.71	1.13	12%	0.031	2.69	1.20	11%	0.087
Lipofuscin (RF)	3.92	1.57	3.84	1.35	−2%	0.705	3.86	1.26	−1%	0.786	3.91	1.33	0%	0.971
TOS (μmol/l)	11.0	13.8	8.23	13.2	−25%	0.248	9.72	13.5	−12%	0.591	8.62	14.8	−22%	0.409

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