Review Article

Different Forms of ER Stress in Chondrocytes Result in Short Stature Disorders and Degenerative Cartilage Diseases: New Insights by Cartilage-Specific ERp57 Knockout Mice

Figure 1

ER stress induces morphological and functional changes in chondrocytes. Normal chondrocytes produce large amounts of cartilage components. Before secretion into the ECM, these proteins undergo posttranslational modification and folding in the ER. If these processes fail, ER stress arises and misfolded proteins aggregate in the ER. This leads to a dilation of ER cisternae and a diminished protein secretion into the ECM.