Guarana (Paullinia cupana) Extract Protects Caenorhabditis elegans Models for Alzheimer Disease and Huntington Disease through Activation of Antioxidant and Protein Degradation Pathways

Table 3

Effect of guarana hydroalcoholic extract (GHE) treatment on survival of wild-type animals on standard and stress conditions.

Condition	Mean survival^a,b	% mean survival time variation versus control	value (log rank) versus control^c	^d
Standard^a
Control	13.91 ± 0.26			238 (3)
10 mg/mL GHE	15.25 ± 0.29	9.6	0.0036	181 (3)
50 mg/mL GHE	16.30 ± 0.26	17.1	<0.0001	199 (3)
Oxidative stress (10 mM TBHP)^b
Control	21.75 ± 0.38			105 (3)
10 mg/mL GHE	21.32 ± 0.39	−2.0	0.4631	115 (3)
50 mg/mL GHE	20.55 ± 0.35	−5.5	0.0092	118 (3)
Heat stress (35°C)^b
Control	7.47 ± 0.15			142 (3)
10 mg/mL GHE	9.87 ± 0.17	32.1	<0.0001	122 (3)
50 mg/mL GHE	10.33 ± 0.18	38.3	<0.0001	107 (3)

^aSurvival time measured in . ^bSurvival time measured in . ^cComparisons were performed using log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test. ^dTotal number of animals analyzed. The number in parentheses indicates the number of independent trials. TBHP: tert-butyl hydroperoxide.