Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. Extract and Gallic Acid Attenuate LPS-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress via MAPK/NF-κB and Akt/AMPK/Nrf2 Pathways

Figure 8

Inhibition of Akt and AMPK reduced TBE-induced antioxidant enzyme expression in LPS-stimulated macrophages. RAW 264 cells were pretreated with 400 μg/mL TBE, 20 μM LY294002, or 5 μM compound C for 1 h, followed by treatment with 100 ng/mL LPS for 4 h. The mRNA levels of Hmox1, Cat, Nqo1, and Gclm were detected by real-time RT-PCR. Data represent mean ± SD, (, compared to LPS group; , compared to TBE group).