Hydrogen Sulfide Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Diaphragm Dysfunction in Rats by Reducing Apoptosis and Inflammation through ROS/MAPK and TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathways

Figure 1

The levels of endogenous H₂S in L6 cells and LPS-treated L6 cells were detected, and the effects of exogenous H₂S on the growth of LPS-treated L6 cells were examined. (a) The protein expression of CSE, CBS, and 3-MST were examined by Western blot. GAPDH was used as the loading control. (b–d) Bar graphs showed the quantification of CSE, CBS, and 3-MST. The densitometry analysis of each factor was performed, normalized to the corresponding GAPDH level. (e) The levels of H₂S in L6 cells and LPS-treated L6 cells. (f) The levels of H₂S in the culture supernatant. (g) DNA replication activities were examined by EdU assay; original magnification, ×200. (h) The proliferation rate of each group was analyzed. (i) The percentages of viable cells were determined using the MTT assay, and the cell viability of L6 cells was normalized as 100% and considered to be the control group. Data are presented as mean ± SEM of three independent experiments; and compared with the control group; compared with the LPS group.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)

(i)