Approaches and Methods to Measure Oxidative Stress in Clinical Samples: Research Applications in the Cancer Field
Table 4
Total antioxidant status in clinical samples of cancer patients.
Type of cancer
Total antioxidant status
Bladder cancer
In serum (Koracevic method): compared to in controls () [183] In urine (DPPH): 1.15 mM vitamin C equivalent compared to 1.4 mM in controls () [Figure 3(a)] [215] In urine (ABTS): creatinine compared to Cr. () [263]
Breast cancer
In serum (ABTS): 3.25 mmol/L compared to 2 mmol/L in controls () [Figure 3] [217] In plasma (ABTS): 1.35 mmol/L compared to 1.6 mmol/L in controls () [Figure 1] [275]
In serum (ABTS): 1.60 mmol Trolox equivalent/L (stage I; ), 1.44 mmol/L (stage II; ), 1.53 mmol/L (stage III; ), and 1.54 mmol/L (stage IV; ) compared to 1.77 mmol/L in controls [277]
Lung cancer
In serum (BAP): in never-smokers and in ever-smokers [44] In serum (ABTS): 1.52 mmol Trolox equivalent/L compared to 1.78 mmol/L in controls () [254]
Liver cancer
In plasma (ABTS): Trolox equivalent/L compared to in corresponding post-resection samples (ns) In tissue (ABTS): Trolox equivalent/g protein compared to in adjacent normal tissues () [90] In plasma (ABTS): 410 mg vitamin C equivalent/L compared to 460 mg/L in controls () [Figure 1(b)] [233]
Ovarian cancer
In serum (ABTS): Trolox equivalent/L compared to in controls () [278]
In plasma (TRAP): Trolox (T1/T2) and (T3/T4) compared to in controls (ns) [75]
Thyroid cancer
In serum (ABTS): Trolox equivalent/L compared to in controls () [192] In serum (ABTS): Trolox equivalent/L compared to in controls () [243] In serum (FRAP): compared to in controls () [248]
