Targeting IL-17A Improves the Dysmotility of the Small Intestine and Alleviates the Injury of the Interstitial Cells of Cajal during Sepsis

Figure 5

ICC injury is associated with M1 macrophage-mediated oxidative stress. Samples were obtained 48 h after CLP. (a) Altered M1 and M2 macrophage infiltration in the muscularis propria. Representative images of M1 (CD163) staining and M2 (arginase 1) staining are shown. The ratio of M1/M2 macrophages was further analyzed in each group. Scale bar: 100 μm. (b) RT-PCR analysis of the expression of marker genes related to M1 and M2 macrophages in the muscularis propria. There was a significant reduction of M1 macrophage marker genes. (c) Double-immunostaining of c-Kit (green) and iNOS (red) in the muscularis propria was performed, and the c-Kit-positive and iNOS-positive areas were analyzed. Representative images of c-Kit and iNOS staining from septic mice are shown. Scale bar: 20 μm. (d) The pathological changes in ICCs after treatment with M1- or M2-derived medium for 24 h. ICCs were detected by c-Kit immunocytochemical staining (200x magnification), TUNEL (400x magnification), and TEM (10,000x magnification). The number of ICCs, the expression of c-Kit, and the percentage of apoptotic cells were also analyzed. (e) Expression levels of iNOS and NADPH in ICCs treated with M1- or M2-derived medium for 24 h. NT: no treatment; Arg1: arginase 1; NADPH: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (data are shown as the , to 7, ).

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