Flavonoids from Apios americana Medikus Leaves Protect RAW264.7 Cells against Inflammation via Inhibition of MAPKs, Akt-mTOR Pathways, and Nfr2 Activation

Figure 6

ALE activated autophagy in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. (a) Transmission electron microscopy features of macrophages (). (b) Western blot bands of Rab5, Rab7, Atg4, Atg5, Beclin1, LC3B, p62, and β-actin (). (c–i) Relative expression levels of Atg4, Atg5, Beclin1, p62, LC3BII/LC3BI, Rab5, and Rab7. The images were quantified by the ImageJ software, and the intensity of bands was corrected with β-actin (); vertical lines in the histogram represent SDs of three replicates. Significance analysis was carried out according to the one-way ANOVA test, and different letters mean statistically significant differences among the groups (A, B, C, D, and E were labeled from large to small and the same letters in columns mean statistical insignificance; otherwise, they mean statistical significance ()).

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