Indoxyl Sulfate Induces Renal Fibroblast Activation through a Targetable Heat Shock Protein 90-Dependent Pathway

Figure 5

Effects of HSP90 inhibition on the profibrotic and proinflammatory phenotype of NRK-49F cells. (a) Collagen I mRNA and protein levels and representative images (magnification 400x). The protein expression is evaluated by immunocytochemistry, as shown in the pictures. Values are expressed as fold versus cells treated with IS. (b) Western blot and immunocytochemistry for α-SMA protein expression. The graph reports the measure obtained from western blot analysis. (c) TGF-β and (d) MCP1 mRNA and protein expression. (e) Proliferation index of IS and 17-AAG+IS cells vs. untreated cells (, ). mRNA expression is tested by real-time PCR and normalized to GAPDH mRNA. UC: untreated cells; IS: indoxyl sulfate-treated cells; 17-AAG+IS: cells pretreated with the HSP90 inhibitor 17-AAG and then treated with IS.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)