Role of Combined Lipoic Acid and Vitamin D3 on Astrocytes as a Way to Prevent Brain Ageing by Induced Oxidative Stress and Iron Accumulation

Figure 2

BBB permeability, vitD, and LA quantifications to predict their bioavailability in the brain. In (a), the absorption capacity through the BBB of vitD and LA alone and combined is shown; in (b), quantification of vitD is shown; and in (c), quantification of LA at basolateral environment of the barrier model are reported. The abbreviations are the same as used in Figure 1. Data are expressed as (%) of five independent experiments normalized to control values (0% line).

(a)

(b)

(c)