Role of Combined Lipoic Acid and Vitamin D3 on Astrocytes as a Way to Prevent Brain Ageing by Induced Oxidative Stress and Iron Accumulation

Figure 3

Analysis of cellular viability, ROS production, and mitochondrial activity under oxidative condition. In (a), cell viability, in (b), ROS production, and in (c), mitochondrial membrane potential measured on astrocytes treated with vitD and LA alone and combined for 24 h prestimulation with H₂O₂ are illustrated. The abbreviations are the same as reported in Figure 1. Data are expressed as (%) of five independent experiments normalized to control values (0% line). vs. control; vs. LA; vs. vitD; vs. H₂O₂, bars: between treatments.

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