Salvianolic Acid A Protects the Kidney against Oxidative Stress by Activating the Akt/GSK-3β/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway and Inhibiting the NF-κB Signaling Pathway in 5/6 Nephrectomized Rats

Figure 6

The effects of ML385 on HK-2 cell viability and SAA on the Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathways in H₂O₂-induced HK-2 cells. Cells were treated with or without various concentrations of ML385 for 24 h, and cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. Cells were pretreated with or without 10 μmol/L ML385 for 10 h and then cotreated with or without 30 μmol/L SAA for 2 h and lastly stimulated with or without H₂O₂ for 4 h. (a) Effects of ML385 on HK-2 cell viability; (b) the protein expression levels of Nrf2 (nucleus), Nrf2 (cytoplasm), HO-1, p-NF-κB p65, NF-κB p65, and ICAM-1 proteins were analyzed by Western blot; (c) Nrf2 (nucleus) protein expression relative to histone H3 protein expression; (d) Nrf2 (cytoplasm) protein expression relative to β-actin protein expression; (e) HO-1 protein expression relative to β-actin protein expression; (f) p-NF-κB p65 protein expression relative to NF-κB p65 protein expression; (g) ICAM-1 protein expression relative to β-actin protein expression. Data are expressed as the (). vs the control group; and vs the H₂O₂ group; and vs the SAA group; vs the ML385 group.

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