Sulforaphane-Enriched Broccoli Sprouts Pretreated by Pulsed Electric Fields Reduces Neuroinflammation and Ameliorates Scopolamine-Induced Amnesia in Mouse Brain through Its Antioxidant Ability via Nrf2-HO-1 Activation

Figure 8

Broccoli sample treatment increased the Nrf2-HO-1 expression showing antioxidant effect in microglial cells (normal and LPS-activated conditions) as well as against a scopolamine-induced amnesia model in mice. BV2 microglial cells were treated with the broccoli sample itself. (a-c) Nrf2-HO-1 expression in normal microglia after broccoli cotyledon treatment and their quantifications. (d-f) Nrf2-HO-1 expression in LPS-activated microglia after broccoli cotyledon treatment and their quantifications. Mice were continuously exposed with scopolamine and broccoli samples for two weeks’ period. Animal were sacrifices, and the brain samples were homogenized and tissue lysates were separated using the western blot technique. (g, h) Nrf2 expression and its quantification in the mouse whole brain sample. Histone-3 and GAPDH were used as a loading control for respective proteins. All data are presented as error of the mean of three independent experiments. , , and indicate significant differences compared with the untreated control group in (c, d) and only scopolamine-treated group in (f) while and indicate significant differences compared with the untreated control group. C: cotyledons; C-P: cotyledons exposed with PEF and enzyme activity; SB: sprout broccoli; SB-Enz: sprout broccoli with induced enzyme activity; SB-PEF: sprout broccoli with PEF treatment; SB-Enz-PEF: sprout broccoli with activated enzyme activity and PEF treatment.

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