Review Article
The Importance of Natural Antioxidants in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury in Animal Models: An Overview
Figure 1
Main pathways of ROS and NOS in the central nervous system. (a) Fenton reaction; (b) peroxynitrite reaction; (c) lipid peroxidation. O2⋅-: superoxide radical; SOD: superoxide dismutase; H2O2: hydrogen peroxide; Fe++: ferrous iron; Fe+++: ferric iron; ⋅OH: hydroxyl radical; OH-: hydroxyl anion; ⋅NO: nitric oxide or nitrogen monoxide; ⋅NO2: nitrogen dioxide; ONOO-: peroxynitrite anion; CO2: carbon dioxide; ONOOH: peroxynitrous acid; ONOOCO2: nitrosoperoxocarbonate; ⋅CO3: carbonate radical; ⋅R: free radical; RH: neutralized radical; LH: polyunsaturated fatty acid; ⋅L: alkyl radical; O2: molecular oxygen; ⋅LOO: peroxyl radical; LOOH: lipid hydroperoxide.
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