Pasteurized Orange Juice Rich in Carotenoids Protects Caenorhabditis elegans against Oxidative Stress and β-Amyloid Toxicity through Direct and Indirect Mechanisms

Table 4

Effect of pasteurized juice from ‘Bahia’ and ‘Cara Cara’ oranges on C. elegans stress resistance.

Strains and conditions	Maximum survival ()	% maximum survival time variation vs. untreated	Mean survival ()	% mean survival time variation vs. untreated	value (log rank) POJ^a vs. untreated^b	value (log rank) PBJ^c vs. PCJ^b,d	^e
WT on E. coli OP50
Untreated							145 (3)
2% Bahia		57.0		68.0	<0.0001		144 (3)
2% Cara Cara		71.0		73.5	<0.0001	0.0134	149 (3)
WT on E. coli OP50-HK
Untreated							126 (3)
2% Bahia		14.0		11.0	<0.0001		134 (3)
2% Cara Cara		28.0		32.0	<0.0001	<0.0001	131 (3)
skn-1(zu67) on E. coli OP50
Control							150 (3)
2% Bahia		0.0		-2.0	0.2405		150 (3)
2% Cara Cara		0.0		1.0	0.7441	0.1396	150 (3)
daf-16(mu86) on E. coli OP50
Control							146 (3)
2% Bahia		21.0		24.0	<0.0001		147 (3)
2% Cara Cara		42.0		42.0	<0.0001	0.0097	148 (3)
hsf-1(sy441) on E. coli OP50
Control							141 (3)
2% Bahia		15.0		20.0	<0.0001		150 (3)
2% Cara Cara		30.0		35.0	<0.0001	<0.0001	150 (3)

HK: heat killed. POJ, pasteurized orange juice, ^bcomparisons were performed using log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test. ^cPBJ, pasteurized ‘Bahia’ orange juice, ^dPCJ, pasteurized ‘Cara Cara’ orange juice, ^eTotal number of animals analyzed. The number in parentheses indicates the number of independent trials.