Additional Effects of Nutritional Antioxidant Supplementation on Peripheral Muscle during Pulmonary Rehabilitation in COPD Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 2

Baseline serum oxidative stress and inflammation characteristics of the randomized study population.

	PR placebo group ()	PR antioxidant group ()	value
Vitamin C (μg/ml) (W: 8.6-18.8; M: 6.2-15.2)			0.29
α-Tocopherol (mg/l) (8.0-15.0)			0.12
γ-Tocopherol (mg/l)			0.75
α-Tocopherol/γ-tocopherol ratio			0.99
Vitamin C/α-tocopherol (0.59-1.19)			0.97
Selenium (μg/ml) (94-130)			0.37
Copper (mg/ml) (W: 0.8-1.55; M: 0.7-1.40)			0.76
Zinc (mg/ml) (0.70-1.20)			0.30
Copper/zinc ratio (1.14-1.29)			0.45
GSH/GSSG ratio (111-747)			0.09
GPx (UI/gHb) (30-55)			0.20
SOD (UI/gHb) (785-1570)			0.84
Lipid peroxidation (μmol/l) (<432)			0.74
LDLox (UI/l) (28-70)			0.44
hsCRP (mg/l)			0.57
Total serum protides (g/l)			0.13
Serum albumin (g/l)			0.84
Serum prealbumin (g/l)			0.47

Results are expressed as . In the first column, we specify the lower and upper limits of reference values obtained in a large healthy subject cohort, as previously described [10]. Definition of abbreviations: PR: pulmonary rehabilitation; M: male; W: women; GSH: reduced glutathione; GSSG: oxidized glutathione; SOD: superoxide dismutase; GPx: peroxidase glutathione; LDL: oxidized low-density lipoprotein.