Additional Effects of Nutritional Antioxidant Supplementation on Peripheral Muscle during Pulmonary Rehabilitation in COPD Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 6

Outcome assessment: inflammation and oxidative stress markers.

	PR placebo group ()			PR antioxidant group ()			Mean difference of relative change	Adjusted mean difference of relative change^#
	Pre	Post	Relative change (%)	Pre	Post	Relative change (%)
Vitamin C (μg/ml)
α-Tocopherol (mg/l)
γ-Tocopherol (mg/l)						-	-	-
α-Tocopherol/γ-tocopherol ratio			-
Vitamin C/α-tocopherol							-	-
Selenium (μg/ml)
Copper (mg/ml)								-
Zinc (mg/ml)
Copper/zinc ratio			-			-	-	-
GSH/GSSG ratio							-	-
GPx (UI/gHb)
SOD (UI/gHb)							-
Lipid peroxidation (μmol/l)							-
LDLox (UI/l)								-
hsCRP (mg/l)							-	-
Total serum protides (g/l)			-
Serum albumin (g/l)							-	-
Serum prealbumin (g/l)						-	-	-

, , and . ^#Mean adjusted value on the corticosteroid . Definition of abbreviations: hsCRP: highly sensitive C-reactive protein; GSH: reduced glutathione; GSSG: oxidized glutathione; SOD: superoxide dismutase; GPx: peroxidase glutathione; LDL: oxidized low-density lipoprotein.