Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated with Muscle Atrophy and Reduced Mitochondrial Function in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain

Figure 1

The level of IGF-1 in (a) serum and (b) skeletal muscle of LBP patients. Results were expressed as the . (a) DEF (), SUF (), and SUPL (). (b) SUF (), DEF (), and SUPL (). —difference between the indicated result/mean and DEF and SUPL groups at the same time point. ^#—difference between the indicated result/mean and DEF and SUPL groups at the same time point.

(a)

(b)