Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated with Muscle Atrophy and Reduced Mitochondrial Function in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain

Figure 3

The CS enzyme activity in the skeletal muscle of all LBP patients. Results were expressed as the . SUF (), DEF (), SUPL (), SUF F (), SUF M (), DEF F (), DEF M (), SUPL F (), and SUPL M (). —difference between the indicated result/mean and SUPL in all patients. ^#—difference between the indicated result/mean and men in the SUPL group.