Cold Physical Plasma Modulates p53 and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling in Keratinocytes

Figure 1

Cold plasma oxidized keratinocytes and altered cell viability. The intracellular ROS level was detected by CM-H₂DCFDA fluorescence staining for control (a) and indirectly plasma-treated HaCaT keratinocytes (using kINPen 09 plasma jet) (b). For assessment of cell viability, the CellTox™ Green Dye was used and showed a 1.5 to 3.5-fold increase of death cells after 20 s or 180 s of plasma treatment, respectively (c). To quantitate apoptosis, plasma-treated cells were stained with active caspase 3-detecting reagents and examined by flow cytometry. A significant 2.1-fold of caspase 3-positive cells was detected after 180 s of plasma treatment (d). Data are presented as mean + S.E. of four independent experiments; statistical comparison was done using one-way ANOVA (). Scale bar 50 μm.

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