Tetramethylpyrazine Prevents Contrast-Induced Nephropathy via Modulating Tubular Cell Mitophagy and Suppressing Mitochondrial Fragmentation, CCL2/CCR2-Mediated Inflammation, and Intestinal Injury

Figure 5

TMP suppressed the increase in the abundance of CCL2 and CCR2 in the tubular epithelial cells of the CIN kidneys. (a) Western blotting analyses of CCL2 and CCR2. Relative densitometry analysis of the ratio of CCL2 (b) or CCR2 (c) to GAPDH. (d) Photomicrographs (original magnification, ×200) illustrate CCL2 staining in the kidney tissues of Con (D1), CIN (D2), CIN+NAC (D3), and CIN+TMP (D4) rats. (e) Photomicrographs (original magnification, ×200) illustrate CCR2 staining in the kidney tissues of Con (E1), CIN (E2), CIN+NAC (E3), and CIN+TMP (E4) rats. Quantitative data for CCL2 (f) or CCR2 (g) staining are graphically presented. Figures are representative of 5–8 rats from each group. Data are represented as (). versus Con and ^## versus CIN.

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