The mTOR/GCLc/GSH Pathway Mediates the Dose-Dependent Bidirectional Regulation of ROS Induced by TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs in Neurogenic Cells

<div>(a) Image of TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs obtained by transmission electronic microscope (TEM), <span class="nowrap"><svg height="9.51429pt" id="M6" style="vertical-align:-0.2063894pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.3079 64.6956 9.51429" width="64.6956pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M152 404V712C115 698 54 683 7 677V654C71 648 73 642 73 579V24C128 -2 179 -12 220 -12C353 -12 471 92 471 238C471 357 381 449 274 449C262 449 249 446 233 439L152 404ZM152 374C170 384 202 393 230 393C313 393 382 326 382 213C382 97 330 26 246 26C194 26 165 62 158 81C154 91 152 101 152 116V374Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.669,0)"><path d="M433 39L423 65C413 59 399 54 387 54C370 54 352 69 352 114V299C352 352 342 392 307 422C285 440 255 449 225 449C168 437 102 399 75 379C56 365 44 353 44 339C44 315 69 296 87 296C101 296 111 303 116 319C124 349 133 371 145 385C156 397 171 404 190 404C241 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(d) Cell densities and conditions observed by light microscope after 24 h incubation. (e) Intracellular ROS were measured by FCM after 24 h treatment, and values are presented as <span class="nowrap"><svg height="9.10327pt" id="M8" style="vertical-align:-0.3499298pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.75334 56.0178 9.10327" width="56.0178pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M797 0V26C739 32 732 36 732 103V296C732 394 682 449 605 449C576 449 550 437 529 423C504 407 475 389 446 366C425 418 382 449 334 449C303 449 279 437 253 421C222 403 201 385 180 371V452C135 432 85 419 41 411V388C99 379 102 374 102 310V103C102 38 93 32 27 26V0H238V26C189 32 180 38 180 103V338C210 363 250 390 289 390C351 390 377 348 377 275V103C377 37 368 32 306 26V0H520V26C465 32 456 38 456 101V296C456 314 455 326 453 338C491 369 529 390 565 390C628 390 653 345 653 274V107C653 36 642 32 583 26V0H797Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.595,0)"><path d="M380 106C343 72 306 56 265 56C195 56 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Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

fig1

Figure 1

Figure 1: The mTOR/GCLc/GSH Pathway Mediates the Dose-Dependent Bidirectional Regulation of ROS Induced by TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs in Neurogenic Cells 

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

The mTOR/GCLc/GSH Pathway Mediates the Dose-Dependent Bidirectional Regulation of ROS Induced by TiO2 NPs in Neurogenic Cells

Figure 1

The mTOR/GCLc/GSH Pathway Mediates the Dose-Dependent Bidirectional Regulation of ROS Induced by TiO₂ NPs in Neurogenic Cells