Dietary Supplementation of the Antioxidant Curcumin Halts Systemic LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation-Associated Neurodegeneration and Memory/Synaptic Impairment via the JNK/NF-κB/Akt Signaling Pathway in Adult Rats

Figure 3

Curcumin treatment abrogated neuronal cell apoptosis in LPS-treated adult rats and in HT-22 hippocampal neuronal cells. (a–d) Representative western blot and immunofluorescent analysis of neuronal apoptotic protein markers in an adult rat hippocampus. (e–g) Showing the confocal and western blot results of apoptotic markers in LPS-exposed HT-22 neuronal cells. (h) Representing the FJB results, (i) indicating the tunnel assay results, and (j) specifying the immunohistochemistry results of caspase-3 in the hippocampus of the adult rat. (k, l) Representing the H&E and Nissl results, respectively. Sigma Gel software was used to quantify the western blot results of the related protein bands. Beta-actin was used as a loading control. /#/Ώ were used to show the level of significance. . One-way ANOVA followed by Student’s -test was used to determine the whereas statistical analysis was evaluated by using GraphPad Prism 5 software. means that the number of experiments were repeated 3 times. ( animals/group for confocal and histochemistry); experiments. Magnification: 20x. . The presented data are relative to the control. The number of animal used per group and the level of significance are mentioned in Materials and Methods.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)

(i)

(j)

(k)

(l)