Euphorbia bicolor (Euphorbiaceae) Latex Extract Reduces Inflammatory Cytokines and Oxidative Stress in a Rat Model of Orofacial Pain

Figure 5

E. bicolor latex extract reduces Nox4 protein expression in both male and female rats. CFA inflammation (gray bars) increased Nox4 protein expression in the trigeminal ganglia of male (a) and female (b) rats as compared to saline treatment (diagonal bars). compared to vehicle by the Student -test analysis. E. bicolor latex extract induced significant reduction in Nox4 protein expression in male rats ((c) representative immunoblot) at 24 hours posttreatment ((e) quantification of immunoblots) and in female rats ((d) representative immunoblot) at 72 hours posttreatment ((f) quantification of immunoblots). Note that the 1-hour CFA-treated band is 25 hours following CFA and 1 hour following vehicle treatment and the control band is 25 hours following saline. compared to vehicle by two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc analysis (c, d).

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