Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Prevent Aging-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction through a Novel Exosome/lncRNA MALAT1/NF-κB/TNF-α Signaling Pathway

Figure 5

EXO inhibits the NF-κB signaling pathway. (a) H9C2 was incubated with PKH26-labeled exosome (EXO), and the uptake of EXO was observed under a fluorescent microscope. (b) Luciferase assay for NF-κB activation. Cardiomyocytes were transfected with NF-κB-luc and RL-TK plasmids by Lip 2000 for 24 h, and EXO (200 μg/mL) was added to the cells and incubated for another 24 h. The cells were then treated with H₂O₂ for 6 h. (c) Western blot analysis of p-p65 expression. (d) RT-PCR and Western blot analysis of TNF-α expression. (e) RT-PCR and Western blot analysis of p21 expression. (f) Immunohistochemistry staining of β-gal in cardiomyocytes treated with EXO. (g) Edu staining for cell proliferation treated with EXO. , , and .

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