Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Synergizes Sorafenib Anticancer Efficacy with Minimizing Its Cytotoxicity

Table 3

Parameters of oxidative stress, cell viability assay, DNA fragmentation, and cytochrome c. Values are expressed as of 10 animals in each group.

Parameters	SEC	MTX	ZnO-NPs	Sorafenib	ZnO-NPs+sorafenib
Tumor tissue
MTT		^a	^a	^a	^a,c	<0.001
DNA content (μg/100 mg)		^a	^a	^b	^a,c,d	<0.001
Cytochrome c (ng/mL)		^a	^a	^a	^a	<0.001
ROS (FU/mg)		^a	^a,b	^a	^a,c	<0.001
NO (nmol/100 mg tumor)						<0.001
GSH (nmol/100 mg tumor)		^a	^a	^a,b	^a,b	<0.001
MDA (nmol/100 mg tumor)		^a	^a	^a	^a,d	<0.001
CAT (U/g tumor)		^a	^a	^a	^a,d	<0.001
SOD (U/g tumor)		^a	^a	^a	^a,d	<0.001
Serum TAC (μmol/L)		^a	^a	^a,b,c	^a,b,d	<0.001

SD: standard deviation; : probability; ; high significance. The test used one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey. ^aSignificant compared to the control SEC group. ^bSignificant compared to the MTX group. ^cSignificant compared to the ZnO-NP group. ^dSignificant compared to the sorafenib group.