|
| Vanadium compounds | Dietary antioxidants | Animal/cell culture model | Effects compared to vanadium-treated animals or cells | Ref. |
|
| Vanadium-vitamins |
NH4VO3
5 and 10 mg/kg diet | Vitamin C
50 and 100 mg/kg diet | L hens | ↑ Egg quality; ↑ serum SOD activity; ↓ serum LPO | [80] |
V2O5
40 mg/kg, ip | Vitamin C (100 mg/kg, ip) or vitamin E (20 mg/kg by gavage) | Hsd:ICR mice (♂) | ↓ Micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes | [83] |
NaVO3
0.4 mg V/kg bw, ip | Vitamin E acetate
50 and 100 mg/kg bw, orally | SD rats (♂) | ↑ Reproductive organ weight; ↑ sperm number and morphology; ↑ testicular steroidogenic enzyme activities; ↑ serum testosterone, LH and FSH levels; ↑ testicular SOD, CAT activities; ↓ testicular LPO; ↓ testicular histopathological changes | [81] |
NaVO3
3 mg/kg bw, ip | Vitamin E
500 mg/kg bw, orally | Nursing albino rats | In pups coexposed to vitamin E and vanadium through lactation: ↑ body weight gain, ↑ brain weight, ↓ reactive astrogliosis, ↑ locomotor and exploratory activity, ↑ hanging latency | [82] |
NaVO3
3 mg/kg bw, ip (pubs) | Vitamin E
500 mg, orally (dams) | W rats
(dams and pubs) | In vanadium-treated pups exposed to vitamin E through lactation: ameliorated histopathological changes in the testes, lungs, and liver | [126] |
| Vanadium-polyphenols (flavanols) |
NH4VO3
5, 10, and 15 mg V/kg diet | Tea polyphenols
600 and 1000 mg/kg diet | L hens | ↑ Hepatic GST and GPx activities; ↑ production and egg quality | [92] |
NH4VO3
10 mg V/kg diet | Tea polyphenols
600 and 1000 mg/kg diet | L hens | ↓ Intestinal microflora diversity; ↓ duodenal cell apoptosis; ↑ cecum butyrate acid content | [93] |
NH4VO3
5 mg/kg bw, ip | Epigallocatechin gallate 5 mg/kg bw, ip | W rats (♂) | ↓ Renal LPO; ↑ renal CAT, SOD, and GPx activities; ↑ serum vitamin E and A levels; ↓ histopathological changes in the kidneys | [95] |
NH4VO3
10 mg/kg diet | Epigallocatechin gallate
130 mg/kg diet | L hens | ↑ Eggshell color; ↑ protoporphyrin IX content (in eggshell); ↓ uterine LPO; ↑ uterine GST activity; ↑ Nrf2 and HO-1 gene and protein level (in uterus); ↑ phospho-P38 MAPK protein level (in uterus) | [96] |
| Vanadium-polyphenols (flavonones) |
NaVO3
1 mg/kg bw, ip | Glucosyl hesperidin
25 and 50 mg/kg bw, orally | SD rats (♂) | ↑ Reproductive organ weight; ↑ sperm count, motility, and morphology; ↓ sperm DNA fragmentation; ↑ serum testosterone levels; ↓ testicular LPO; ↑ testicular SOD and CAT activities; ↓ testicular histopathological changes | [127] |
| Vanadium-polyphenols (stilbenes) |
NH4VO3
5 mg/kg bw, ip | Resveratrol
50 mg/kg, orally | SD rats (♂) | ↑ Body weight gain; ↓ blood urea nitrogen and creatinine level; ↑ renal SOD activity; no effects of resveratrol on vanadium-induced histopathological changes in the kidneys | [128] |
| Vanadium-phytosterols |
NaVO3
3 mg/kg, ip | Stigmasterol
100 μg, orally | BALB/c mice (♂) | ↓ Hippocampal LPO and H2O2 levels; ↑ hippocampal SOD and CAT activities; ↑ learning and memory; ↑ locomotor and exploratory activity; ↑ hanging latency; ↓ damage to myelin sheaths, ↑ MBP expression | [106] |
NaVO3
3 mg/kg, ip | β-Sitosterol
100 μg, orally | BALB/c mice (♂) | ↑ Learning and memory; ↑ locomotor and exploratory activity; ↑ hanging latency; ↓ brain LPO and H2O2 levels; ↓ damage to myelin sheaths; ↑ MBP expression; ↑ SOD, CAT activities and GSH level in the brain | [107] |
| Vanadium-organosulfur compounds (isothiocyanates) |
VOSO4
34.4 and 68.8 μM | R-sulforaphane
5 μM | HepG2, Caco-2, and Vero cells | ↓ ROS; ↓ mitochondrial depolarization; ↑ lysosomal integrity; ↓ DNA damage (comet assay); ↓ cell death | [129] |
| Vanadium-plant extracts |
NaVO3
100 and 200 μM | Moringa oleifera leaf extract
0.063 mg/well, 0.01 and 0.02 mg/ml | Mouse hippocampal H22 cells | ↓ Superoxide levels; ↓ DNA damage (comet assay) | [115] |
NaVO3
3 mg/kg, ip | Grewia carpinifolia leaf extract
200 mg/kg, orally | Swiss mice (♂) | ↑ Locomotor and exploratory activity; ↑ hanging latency; ↑ motor coordination | [116] |
NH4VO3
5 mg/kg bw, ip | Green tea Camellia sinensis decoction
66 g of leaves/l, as a drink | W rats (♂) | ↓ LPO in the kidney, liver, and testes; ↑ vitamins E and A in serum; ↓ CAT and SOD activities in erythrocytes | [117] |
NH4VO3
60 mg/kg bw (drinking water) | Malva sylvestris decoction
0.2 g of dry plant/kg bw | W rats (♂) | ↓ Renal LPO, CAT, SOD, and GPx activities; ↓ histopathological changes in the kidneys | [70] |
NH4VO3
5 mg/kg bw, ip | Essential oil of Salvia officinalis
15 mg/kg bw, orally | W rats (♂) | ↓ Plasma renal markers (creatinine, urea, uric acid, and LDH); ↓ renal LPO and protein carbonyls; normalized CAT, SOD, and GPx activities in the kidney; ↓ renal histopathological changes | [113] |
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