Antidiabetic Potency, Antioxidant Effects, and Mode of Actions of Citrus reticulata Fruit Peel Hydroethanolic Extract, Hesperidin, and Quercetin in Nicotinamide/Streptozotocin-Induced Wistar Diabetic Rats

Table 5

Serum lipid profile and FFA levels in normal, diabetic control, and diabetic groups treated with C. reticulata fruit peel extract, hesperidin, and quercetin.

Parameter groups	TC (mg/dl)	TG (mg/dl)	HDL-C (mg/dl)	LDL-C (mg/dl)	vLDL-C (mg/dl)	FFAs (mg/dl)
Normal	55.8 ± 2.23^c	58 ± 3.10^c	28.3 ± 0.73^a	16.04 ± 1.87^c	11.35 ± 0.63^c	14.71 ± 0.33^c
Diabetic control	92.43 ± 4.50^a	99.36 ± 2.43^a	18.94 ± 0.55^c	52.70 ± 4.38^a	19.95 ± 0.48^a	36.43 ± 1.62^a
Diabetic treated with fruit peel extract	65.65 ± 2.83^b		23.10 ± 0.56^b	27.19 ± 3.16^b	15.36 ± 0.53^b	26.39 ± 0.93^b
Diabetic treated with hesperidin	^b	^b	^b	^b	15.12 ± 0.69^b	23.27 ± 0.62^b
Diabetic treated with quercetin	73.37 ± 3.09^b	78.96 ± 3.46^b		36.93 ± 3.72^b	15.46 ± 0.53^b	24.83 ± 1.15^b
-probability
LSD at the 5% level	9.27	9.19	1.72	9.43	1.70	3.01
LSD at the 1% level	12.55	12.44	2.33	12.77	2.30	4.07

Data are represented as of six rats. Means which have different superscript letters are significantly different at . Percentage changes were calculated by comparing diabetic control with normal and diabetic treated groups with diabetic control.