Vascular Inflammation Is a Risk Factor Associated with Brain Atrophy and Disease Severity in Parkinson’s Disease: A Case-Control Study

Table 3

Correlation analysis of levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule, miRNAs, and disease severity to gray matter atrophy in the PD group after controlling for age and sex.

PD brain region
	Cerebellum		Posterior cingulate/cuneus		Posterior cingulate/cuneus		Fusiform gyrus		Parahippocampus gyrus		Superior temporal gyrus/middle temporal gyrus		Precentral gyrus		Whole brain
ROI	1		2		3		4		5		6		7		All clusters
Hemisphere			R		L		R		L		L		L
	Cell adhesion marker
VCAM-1 (ng/ml)									-0.290	0.043	-0.291	0.042			-0.314	0.028
MicroRNA
miRNA-29a	-3.300		0.022				-0.353	0.007							-0.337	0.010
Disease severity
UPDRS I
UPDRS II			-0.385	0.032					-0.423	0.018			-0.446	0.012
UPDRS III			-0.388	0.031	-0.401	0.025			-0.389	0.031			-0.370	0.040
UPDRS 176			-0.382	0.034	-0.387	0.031			-0.410	0.022			-0.387	0.031

The results of partial correlation analysis were illustrated as correlation coefficients and corresponding values (controlling for age and sex, Bonferroni corrected ). Abbreviations: PD: Parkinson’s disease; VCAM-1: vascular cell adhesion molecule-1; UPDRS: Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale.