Pharmacological Effects and Toxicogenetic Impacts of Omeprazole: Genomic Instability and Cancer

Table 8

Mechanisms of action of omeprazole implicated in genomic instability, which are associated with cancer risks.

Dose/concentration	Study	Study model	Mechanism of action	Prevention/risk for genetic material	References
100 mg/kg	In vivo	Rats	Hypergastrinemia and pancreatic metaplasia	Genomic instability	[216]
20 mg/kg	Clinical	Case study	Hyperplasia, gastric carcinoma, hypoacidity	Cell proliferation	[211]
Not reported	Clinical	Human () patients with H. pylori	Metaplasias, gastric atrophy	Gastric cancer	[217]
276 mg/kg	In vivo	Rats	Induction of ROS. 8-0Hd6	Apoptosis; Tumors	[212, 213]
—	Several	Several	Premalignant lesions	Genetic alterations	[214]
30 mg/kg	In vivo	Rats	Inhibition of lysosomal hydrolase activity decreases P21 and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the stomach	Changes in apoptosis and cell cycle	[215]
—	In silico	Artificial system	Formation of metabolites	Genomic instability	[218]