Short-Chain Fatty Acids Ameliorate Diabetic Nephropathy via GPR43-Mediated Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and NF-κB Signaling

Figure 6

SCFA-mediated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects were significantly facilitated by GPR43 overexpression. Plasmids expressing GPR43 with pCD513B-1 (an N-terminal GFP tag) and pCD513B-1 control plasmid that expresses GFP but cannot overexpress GPR43 were constructed to determine the effect of overexpressed GPR43 and GFP protein in GMCs according to fluorescence images (200x) (a) and western blotting (b). Following 30 mM high glucose for 24 h, 5 mM But-mediated inhibition of p-NF-κBp65 and MCP-1 protein expression (c) was significantly facilitated by GPR43 overexpression. The But-mediated inhibition of ROS (d) and p-NF-κBp65 (e) and MCP-1 and IL-1β release (f) were reversed by siRNA-GPR43 but facilitated by GPR43 overexpression. But butyrate: compared with the NC group, ^# compared with the HG group, and ^& compared with the But group.

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