Nitrative Stress-Related Autophagic Insufficiency Participates in Hyperhomocysteinemia-Induced Renal Aging

Figure 1

HHcy led to the development of renal aging. (a) Representative Western blot showing the increased expression of aging-related proteins in the kidneys of the HHcy rats (b–d). Quantification of the protein levels of p53, p21, and p16, respectively (, vs. Control, -5). (e) Serum level of the aging-related inflammatory cytokine IL-6 (, vs. Control, -10). (f) Serum level of urea increased in both HHcy and natural aged mice ( vs. Control, -10). (g) Masson staining of fibrotic lesions in kidney tissue. (h) Sirius red staining of fibrotic lesions in kidney tissue. Control: control group; HHcy: hyperhomocysteinemia group; IL-6: interleukin-6. Data were expressed as .

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)