Purified Astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis Promotes Tissue Regeneration by Reducing Oxidative Stress and the Secretion of Collagen In Vitro and In Vivo

Figure 5

PI/annexin V staining assay with HaCaT and Hs68 cells. (a) HaCaT and (b) Hs68 cells, annexin V fluorescent green in nuclei and cytosol, and PI emits bright red fluorescence in acidic vesicles (fluorescence microscopy, 100x). (c) The stained quantitative image data was presented. (d) Western blot was performed to compare in vitro protein expressions. HPA reduced the apoptosis-related protein levels in both cell lines. (e) Protein expressions were quantified by using the Image Studio™ Lite software. Results were analyzed as three independent determinations () to confirm repeatability; .

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)