GPA Peptide-Induced Nur77 Localization at Mitochondria Inhibits Inflammation and Oxidative Stress through Activating Autophagy in the Intestine

Figure 2

GPA reduces proinflammatory cytokine secretion and oxidative stress in vivo. The production of inflammation-related cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in serum was measured by ELISA (a). The production of inflammation-related cytokine TNF-α in colon tissues by ELISA (b). IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12 in mouse colon tissues were detected by qPCR (c). MDA content in serum and colon tissues were measured (d, e). H₂O₂ content in serum and colon tissues were measured (f, g). The results are expressed as the (/group). , , and vs. the control group; ^#, ^##, and ^### vs. the DSS-treated group.

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