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| Types of nature products | Natural products | Mitochondrial regulation | Experimental models |
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| Mixture | Green tea [86] | Moderates CPT-1 and ACAA2 levels and reduces CPT-2 and ACAD levels | High-fat diet-induced obese in C57BL/6 mice |
| Peanut sprout extracts [87] | Promotes mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation | Dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate- (cAMP-) stimulated 3T3-L1 cells and rosiglitazone-stimulated C3H10T1/2 cells |
| Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) seed extract [88] | Upregulates thermogenic uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and mitochondrial marker cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV protein expression in brown adipose tissue | High-fat diet-fed C57BL6J mice |
| Cinnamomum cassia Presl [89] | Increases ATP levels by increasing the mRNA expression of mitochondrial biogenesis-related factors, such as PGC-1α, Nrf1, and T-fam | High-fat diet-induced obese mouse and mouse C2C12 myoblasts |
| Guarana (Paullinia cupana Kunth) [90] | Increases the expression of PGC-1α, CREB1, AMPKA1, Nrf1, Nrf2, and Sirt1 in the muscle and brown adipose tissue and increases mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA) content in the muscle | High-fat diet-fed C57BL6J mice |
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| Monomer | Isorhamnetin [91] | Regulates mitochondrial biosynthetic mRNA levels of PGC-1α, Nrf1, and T-fam and increases the mtDNA/nuclear DNA ratio | 3T3-L1cells |
| Zeaxanthin [92] | Increases mitochondrial DNA content and mRNA levels of genes related to mitochondrial biogenesis, reduces mitochondrial oxidative damage, improves ΔΨm, and eliminates intracellular ROS and mitochondrial superoxide | 3T3-L1 preadipocytes |
| Berberine [93] | In a mouse model, protects mitochondrial structure and function by reducing ATP abundance and activity of complex I and enhances the activity of complexes II and IV. In a cellular model, decreases ATP abundance, increases ΔΨm and inhibits apoptosis | High-fat diet-induced obese model in C57BL/6 mice with GLP-1 reduction |
| Purpurin [94] | Regulates ROS and reduces ΔΨm and ATP production | 3T3-L1 murine preadipocytes and high-fat diet-fed C57BL/6 mice |
| Epigallocatechin-3-gallate [95] | Increases the mtDNA content and the mRNA levels of PGC-1α, Nrf1, and T-fam in brown adipose tissue | High-fat diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6J mice |
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