Cellular Mechanisms Triggered by the Cotreatment of Resveratrol and Doxorubicin in Breast Cancer: A Translational In Vitro–In Silico Model

Figure 3

Rsv potentiated cytoprotective autophagy induced by Doxo in MCF7 cells. (a) Experimental design. Cells were treated with Rsv 30 μM, Doxo 100 nM, or Rsv30+Doxo100 for 24 h. Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) not exceeding 0.05% was used as control. After this, cell viability was assessed. Then, cells were replated in a Drug-Free Medium and grown for 15 days. Cells were treated with 2 mM of 3-methyladenine (3-MA) for 1 h at days 3 and 4. (b) SQSTM1 levels measured by immunocytochemistry at day 5 (). (c) Acridine orange (AO) staining. Numbers represent the intensity of AO red fluorescence in relation to control, considered as 100 (). Black arrow points to the AO-negative population of cells in Doxo and Doxo+Rsv treatment. (d) Percentage of AO-positive cells. (e) Active caspase-3-positive cells measured by flow cytometry. Numbers correspond to the percentage of positive cells (). (f) Cumulative Population Doubling measured at day 15. Abbreviations: AO: acridine orange; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; Casp-3: active caspase-3-positive cells; CPD: Cumulative Population Doubling. , , and in relation to control; ^#, ^##, and ^### in relation to Doxo; ^†, ^††, and ^†††, comparing 3-MA to control using PBS.

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