Foods with Potential Prooxidant and Antioxidant Effects Involved in Parkinson’s Disease

Figure 1

Schematic representation of the oxidative stress mechanism in the development of Parkinson’s disease in dopaminergic neurons. Oxidative stress from aging or exogenous sources causes damage to vulnerable cellular structures such as mitochondria and DNA. α-Synuclein gene mutations can promote the formation of α-synuclein oligomers and Lewis bodies. Oxidative stress causes mitochondrial dysfunction that converts the mitochondria into a source of ROS/RNS. ROS/RNS increases α-synuclein aggregate formation, and these, in turn, damage mitochondrial function. Both mitochondrial dysfunction and Lewis bodies lead to a loss of dopaminergic neurons and thus neurodegeneration