Association of Oxidative Stress on Pregnancy

Table 4

Current studies concerning the influence of oxidative stress on adverse pregnancy outcomes.

References	Markers analyzed	Abnormalities investigated	Commentary
Bogavac et al. [49] (Serbia)	Reduced glutathione (GSH); Supeoxide dismutase (SOD); Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px); Glutathione reductase (GSHR); Glutathione S-transferase (GST); Xanthine oxidase (XOD); Lipid peroxidation (LP)	Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH); Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); Bacterial vaginosis	Different concentrations in a variety of conditions; Parameters of oxidative stress in the amniotic fluid could be altered in certain pathological conditions
Clerici et al. [31] (Italy)	Total antioxidant capacity (TAC); Thiolyte capacity; Prooxidant capacity	Preeclampsia (PE); Pregestational diabetes (DM); Preterm birth (PTB)	↑ OS = pathological pregnancies; ↑ prooxidant capacity ↓ TAC and thiolyte capacity in pathological pregnancies
Yiyenoglu et al. [32] (Turkey)	Total antioxidant capacity (TAC); Total oxidant level (TOL); Oxidative stress index (OSI)	Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL)	↑ TOL and OSI; ↓ TAC in RPL group; OS plays a central role in the etiopathogenesis of RPL
Marseglia et al. [50] Italy	Oxidative stress (OS); Reactive oxygen species (ROS)	Recurrent pregnancy loss; Preeclampsia preterm premature rupture of membranes	Review: free radical theory of aging, abnormal placentation ≥↑OS ≥recurrent abortions (RPL), preeclampsia, FGR, PTB, pPROM
Ramkumar [57] (USA)	Reactive oxidative stress	Preterm birth (PTB); Premature rupture of membranes (pPROM); Inflammation	OS affects cell aging, inflammation, pPROM, and consequently PTB by p38 mitogen-activated kinase (p38MAPK) pathways
Jauniaux et al. [51] (United Kingdom)	Pathophysiology review	Miscarriage; Preeclampsia; IUGR	Role of oxidative stress in pathophysiology
Sultana et al. [23] (Australia)	Pathophysiology review (30 publications); Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), lipid peroxidation (LP)	IUGR; Preeclampsia; Preterm birth	Role in pathophysiology of OS and placental ageing
Jauniaux et al. [52] (France)	Pathophysiology review	Preeclampsia; IUGR; Spontaneous pregnancy loss; Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)	The effect of oxidative stress on trophoblast cells
Sultana et al. [54] (USA)	publikacji review; TAC, TOS (total oxidant status), produkty peroksydacji lipidów	Preterm birth (PTB)	Oxidative stress maybe associated with PTB