New Approaches to Identify Sepsis Biomarkers: The Importance of Model and Sample Source for Mass Spectrometry

Table 2

Summary of the advantages and disadvantages, in the context of sepsis, for proteomic analyses of each sample source described.

Samples	Tissues/organs	Biological fluids			Exosomes
	Kidney/heart	Plasma	Serum	Urine
	Advantages	(i) Study of the desired organ.	(i) Poorly invasive; (ii) Inexpensive analyses	(i) Poorly invasive; (ii) Inexpensive analyses	(i) Noninvasive	(i) Poorly invasive; (ii) Provides information on the state of the cells
Disadvantages	(i) Not clinically applicable; (ii) Biopsies difficult to obtain; (iii) Highly invasive	(i) Wide range of concentrations	(i) Time of analysis; (ii) Wide range of concentrations; (iii) Loss of proteins associated with coagulation	(i) Poorly reproducible in clinics	(i) Time of analysis