| | Reference | Plant preparation, dose, way, time of treatment, and animals | Inducing factor and negative effects | Protective effects of plant preparation | Effects of plant per se |
| | Rtibi et al. [135] | Ceratonia siliqua L. pod aqueous extract
Pretreatment, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg, b.w., p.o., during 15 days
Male Wistar rats, 220–250 g | Ethanol
4 g/kg, b.w., p.o., one dose
Ulcer index ↑
Ulcer mucus volume ↓
Stomach mucosa: MDA, H2O2 ↑, -SH groups, SOD, CAT, GPx ↓ | Ulcer index: (++ all doses, a decrease along with an increased dose)
Ulcer mucus volume: (++ 500 and 1000, +++ 2000)
Stomach mucosa: SOD, CAT (++ 500 and 1000, +++ 2000); MDA (++ 500 and 1000, +++ 2000); H2O2, -SH groups, GPx (0 500, ++ 1000, +++ 2000) | Not studied |
| | Chanda et al. [45] | Paederia foetida L. leaf methanol extract
100, 200 mg/kg b.w./day, for 4 days
Wistar rats, 150-180 g | Indomethacin-pylorus ligation induced ulcer
Indomethacin 25 mg/kg, s.c., once daily for 4 days + surgical procedure on the 4th day
Gastric secretion: volume, acid output ↑, pH ↓
Ulcer index: ↑ | Gastric secretion: volume and acid output (++ both doses), pH (++ 100, +++ 200)
Ulcer index: (++ both doses) | Not studied |
| | Sabiu et al. [136] | Spondias mombin and Ficus exasperata leaf aqueous extracts
Pretreatment
100 or 200 mg/kg b.w., p.o., for 21 days
Wistar rats, about 180 g | Indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration, a single dose of 30 mg/kg b.w., p.o.
Ulcer index: ↑
Gastric secretion: acid output ↑, pH ↓
Stomach: MDA ↑, SOD ↓
Gastric juice: pepsin activity ↑, mucin content ↓ | Ulcer index: (++ both doses of both extracts)
% ulcer inhibition: (++ both doses of both extracts)
Gastric secretion: acid output and pH (++ both doses of both extracts)
Ficus exasperata
Stomach: MDA, SOD (++ both doses)
Gastric juice: pepsin, mucin (++ both doses)
Spondias mombin
Stomach: MDA, SOD (++ both doses)
Gastric juice: pepsin, mucin (++ both doses)
The higher doses showed better beneficial effects | 200 mg/kg b.w. only studied, slight effects
Gastric secretion: acid output ↑, pH ↓
Gastric juice: mucin content ↓ |
| | Sattar et al. [137] | Myristica fragrans seeds
70% ethanol extract
200 mg/kg, an hour before ethanol, once a day for 15 days
Wistar rats, 150-300 g | 90% ethanol-induced gastric ulcers
5 mL/kg for 15 days, once a day
Gastric contents: pH ↓, total acidity ↑; average number of ulcers per animal ↑
Ulcer index: ↑ | Gastric contents: pH ↑, total acidity (++)
Average number of ulcers per animal (++)
Ulcer index: (++)
% ulcer inhibition: (++) | Not studied |
| | Raeesi et al. [134] | Biebersteinia multifida root
70% methanol extract
Pretreatment 150 or 300 mg/kg, p.o., 1 h before ulcer induction
Male Wistar rats, 200-250 g | 75% ethanol-induced gastric ulcer
4 mL/kg, p.o.
Ulcer area/stomach ↑;
Number of ulcers/stomach ↑;
Gastric mucosa: T-AOC ↓ | Ulcer area/stomach: (+++ both doses)
Number of ulcers/stomach: (++ both doses)
Gastric mucosa: T-AOC (↑ both doses) | Not studied |
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