| Reference | Plant preparation, dose, way, time of treatment, and animals | Inducing factor and negative effects | Protective effects of plant preparation | Effects of plant per se |
| Rtibi et al. [135] | Ceratonia siliqua L. pod aqueous extract Pretreatment, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg, b.w., p.o., during 15 days Male Wistar rats, 220–250 g | Ethanol 4 g/kg, b.w., p.o., one dose Ulcer index ↑ Ulcer mucus volume ↓ Stomach mucosa: MDA, H2O2 ↑, -SH groups, SOD, CAT, GPx ↓ | Ulcer index: (++ all doses, a decrease along with an increased dose) Ulcer mucus volume: (++ 500 and 1000, +++ 2000) Stomach mucosa: SOD, CAT (++ 500 and 1000, +++ 2000); MDA (++ 500 and 1000, +++ 2000); H2O2, -SH groups, GPx (0 500, ++ 1000, +++ 2000) | Not studied |
| Chanda et al. [45] | Paederia foetida L. leaf methanol extract 100, 200 mg/kg b.w./day, for 4 days Wistar rats, 150-180 g | Indomethacin-pylorus ligation induced ulcer Indomethacin 25 mg/kg, s.c., once daily for 4 days + surgical procedure on the 4th day Gastric secretion: volume, acid output ↑, pH ↓ Ulcer index: ↑ | Gastric secretion: volume and acid output (++ both doses), pH (++ 100, +++ 200) Ulcer index: (++ both doses) | Not studied |
| Sabiu et al. [136] | Spondias mombin and Ficus exasperata leaf aqueous extracts Pretreatment 100 or 200 mg/kg b.w., p.o., for 21 days Wistar rats, about 180 g | Indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration, a single dose of 30 mg/kg b.w., p.o. Ulcer index: ↑ Gastric secretion: acid output ↑, pH ↓ Stomach: MDA ↑, SOD ↓ Gastric juice: pepsin activity ↑, mucin content ↓ | Ulcer index: (++ both doses of both extracts) % ulcer inhibition: (++ both doses of both extracts) Gastric secretion: acid output and pH (++ both doses of both extracts) Ficus exasperata Stomach: MDA, SOD (++ both doses) Gastric juice: pepsin, mucin (++ both doses) Spondias mombin Stomach: MDA, SOD (++ both doses) Gastric juice: pepsin, mucin (++ both doses) The higher doses showed better beneficial effects | 200 mg/kg b.w. only studied, slight effects Gastric secretion: acid output ↑, pH ↓ Gastric juice: mucin content ↓ |
| Sattar et al. [137] | Myristica fragrans seeds 70% ethanol extract 200 mg/kg, an hour before ethanol, once a day for 15 days Wistar rats, 150-300 g | 90% ethanol-induced gastric ulcers 5 mL/kg for 15 days, once a day Gastric contents: pH ↓, total acidity ↑; average number of ulcers per animal ↑ Ulcer index: ↑ | Gastric contents: pH ↑, total acidity (++) Average number of ulcers per animal (++) Ulcer index: (++) % ulcer inhibition: (++) | Not studied |
| Raeesi et al. [134] | Biebersteinia multifida root 70% methanol extract Pretreatment 150 or 300 mg/kg, p.o., 1 h before ulcer induction Male Wistar rats, 200-250 g | 75% ethanol-induced gastric ulcer 4 mL/kg, p.o. Ulcer area/stomach ↑; Number of ulcers/stomach ↑; Gastric mucosa: T-AOC ↓ | Ulcer area/stomach: (+++ both doses) Number of ulcers/stomach: (++ both doses) Gastric mucosa: T-AOC (↑ both doses) | Not studied |
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