Astragalus monspessulanus L. n-butanolic extract—obtained by successive extraction of 80% methanol extract with CH2Cl2, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol Pretreatment 100 mg/kg, for 7 days, p.o. Male Wistar rats 200–220 g
CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity a single dose 1.25 mL/kg of 10% CCl4 in olive oil Serum: ALT, AST, ALP ↑ Liver: MDA ↑, GSH, CAT, SOD, GPx, GR, GST ↓
Commelina nudiflora L. methanol extract Pretreatment for 12 days and 2-day-treatment 150, 300, 450 mg/kg b.w., p.o. Male Sprague Dawley rats, 150–250 g
CCl4 1.0 mL/kg b.w., two doses on 13th and 14th days Serum: ALT, AST ↑ Liver: GSH, GST, GPx, GR, CAT, G6PD, QR ↓, LPO, HNE-modified protein adducts, 8-OHdG, TNF-α, IL-6, PGE2 ↑
Serum: ALT, AST (++ all doses) Liver: GSH, GST, GR, CAT, G6PD, QR, LPO, HNE-modified protein adducts, 8-OHdG, TNF-α, IL-6, PGE2 (++ all doses), GPx (++ 150, +++ 300, 450)
Pistacia terebinthus coffee (coffee branded “Harput Çedene Coffee”) Freshly prepared coffee in drinking water (the content increased by 25% during each preparation, reaching up to 100% at the end of 7 days), for 8 weeks Male Sprague-Dawley rats about 250 g
Thioacetamide-induced chronic liver injury, 100 mg/kg b.w., i.p., three times weekly for 8 weeks Plasma: MDA↑ Liver: TNF-α, NF-κB, TGF-β ↑ Liver: inflammation, necrosis, fibrosis ↑
Eugenia dysenterica leaf hydroalcoholic extract 10, 100, 300 mg/kg/day, p.o., for 45 days starting from the 45th day of AlCl3 administration Male Swiss mice, 25-30 g
AlCl3-induced neurotoxicity 100 mg/kg/day p.o., for 90 days Brain cortex: MDA ↑, SOD ↓ Hippocampus: MDA ↑, CAT, SOD ↓ Hippocampus CA1 area: % of viable neurons ↓, % of necrotic neurons ↑
Brain cortex: MDA and SOD (+++) all doses Hippocampus: CAT (0 10, +++ 100 and 300), MDA and SOD (+++ all doses) Hippocampus CA1 area: % of viable neurons (+++ 10, ++ 100, and 300), % of necrotic neurons (0 10, ++ 100, and 300)
Defatted walnut meal (Shaanxi Sea Ecological Agriculture Co., Ltd., Shangluo, China) protein hydrolysates 1 g/kg per day, for 90 days, i.g., Male wild-type Kunming mice, 8 weeks
Neurotoxicity induced by D-galactose 200 mg/kg/day, s.c. (6 hours after plant material), and AlCl3 (100 mg/kg in the drinking water) for 90 days Brain: SOD, GPx, ChAT ↓, MDA, AchE, TNF-α, IL-1β ↑
Rumex japonicus Houtt. roots 95% ethanolic extract 4 mg/mL and 8 mg/mL, topically to the skin and ears, daily for 3 weeks Female Balb/c mice, 5-week-old
DNCB- (1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene-) induced atopic dermatitis 200 μL of 0.5% DNCB (in acetone-olive oil mixture) to the dorsal skin and ear, on days 1–3 Ear thickness ↑ Lymph nodes and spleen weights ↑ Skin: mast cell number ↑
Ear thickness: (++ both doses, a better effect for a higher dose) Weight of lymph nodes: (+ 4, ++ 8) Weight of spleen: (++ both doses) Skin: mast cell number (++ both doses, a better effect for a higher dose)
Polysaccharides from Morinda officinalis processed root (processed root by Beijing Sanhe Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) 500 mg/kg i.g., once a day for 18 days Female Balb/c mice
Concanavalin A-induced liver damage 10 mg/kg i.v., once a week Weight index: liver and kidney ↑, thymus ↓ Serum: ALT and AST ↑ Liver: CAT↓, MDA ↑
Weight index: kidney (0), liver (+), thymus (+++) Serum: ALT and AST (+++) Liver: CAT, MDA (+)
Moringa oleifera leaf water extract 200 mg/kg b.w., i.g., for 4 weeks Male albino rats, 9-10 weeks, 110-130 g
Monosodium glutamate-induced hepatotoxicity, 5 mg/kg b.w., i.g., for 4 weeks Serum: TP, globulins ↓, ALT, AST ↑ Liver: CAT, SOD, GST, GSH ↓, MDA, DNA damage, expression of PCNA and P53 proteins ↑
Serum: globulins (+), TP (++), ALT, AST (+++) Liver: CAT, SOD, GST, GSH, MDA (++); DNA damage (++), expression of PCNA and P53 proteins (++)
None
↓: a decrease vs. control; ↑: an increase vs. control; (+): a slight beneficial effect; (++): a distinct beneficial effect; (+++): a complete beneficial effect; (0): no beneficial effect.
