The Great Healing Potential Hidden in Plant Preparations of Antioxidant Properties: A Return to Nature?

Table 7

The protective properties of plant extracts against side effects of antibiotics.

Reference	Plant preparation, dose, treatment way and time, and animals	The name of drug, dose, exposure way and time, and negative effects	Protective effects of plant preparation	Effects of plant per se
Valipour et al. [98]	Ferulago angulata; Ethanol : water (70 : 30, ) extract; 200, 400, or 800 mg/kg b.w., p.o., for 7 days; Male Wistar rats, about 200 g	Gentamicin 120 mg/kg b.w., daily for 7 consecutive days, i.p.; Serum: HDL ↓; TG, TC, LDL, UA, urea, CR, PC, TNF-α, MDA ↑; Kidney: CAT, SOD and AA ↓, MDA and relative expression of TNF-α ↑	Serum: HDL (0 200 and 400, +++ 800), CR (+ 200, ++ 400 and 800), PC (+ 200, ++ 400, +++ 800), UA and urea (++ all doses), TC, LDL, TNF-α and MDA (++ 200 and 400, +++ 800), TG (++ 200, +++ 400 and 800); Kidney: SOD (0 200, ++ 400 and 800), relative expression of TNF-α (0 200, ++ 400, +++ 800), AA (0 200, +++ 400 and 800), CAT (++ 200 and 400, +++ 800), MDA (++ 200, +++ 400 and 800)	Not studied
Boroushaki et al. [29]	Rheum turkestanicum root 70% ethanol extract; 100 or 200 mg/kg, for 6 days, i.p., 1 hour before gentamycin; Male Wistar rats, 250-300 g	Gentamycin 80 mg/kg/day, for 6 days, i.p.; Serum: CR and urea ↑; Kidney: MDA ↑, total SH content ↓; Urine: protein and glucose ↑	Serum: CR, urea (++ both doses); Kidney: MDA, total SH content (++ both doses); Urine: protein (0 100, ++ 200), glucose (+ 100, ++200)	Not studied
Apaydin Yildirim et al. [28]	Helichrysum plicatum DC. subsp. plicatum aerial parts ethanol extract; 100 or 200 mg/(kg·d) i.p., for 8 days; Male Sprague-Dawley rats	Gentamicin 80 mg/(kg·d); i.p., for 8 days; Serum: BUN and creatinine ↑; Liver: CAT and SOD ↓; MDA, degeneration, necrosis, inflammatory cells, biliary hyperplasia ↑; Kidney: SOD, CAT, GPx ↓, MDA, inflammatory cells, degeneration, necrosis ↑	Serum: BUN and creatinine (++ both doses); Liver: SOD (++ 100, 0 200), MDA (++ 100, +++ 200), CAT (+++ 100, ++ 200), necrosis, degeneration (++ 100, + 200), inflammatory cells (+++ 100, + 200), biliary hyperplasia (++ both doses); Kidney: GPx (both doses), SOD (+++ 100, 0 200), MDA, CAT (+++ 100, ++ 200); Kidney: degeneration and inflammatory cells (++ 100, + 200), necrosis (++ both doses)	Serum: BUN (↓100, ↑ 200); Liver: CAT (↓ 200), inflammatory cells, biliary hyperplasia and necrosis (↑ 200), degeneration; (↑ both); Kidney: CAT (↑ both doses), inflammatory cells and necrosis (↑ 200), degeneration; (↑ both)
Zhang et al. [99]	Panax notoginseng saponins (Guangxi Wuzhou Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Hangzhou, China); 10 mg/kg, twice a day for 14 days, i.m.; Female ICR mice, 18-20 g	Polymyxin-induced nephrotoxicity; 15 mg/kg twice a day for 14 days, i.m.; Kidney weight: body weight ratio: ↑; Serum: BUN, CR ↑; Kidney: SOD ↓, MDA and number of apoptotic cells ↑	Kidney weight: body weight ratio: (++); Serum: BUN, CR (+++); Kidney: number of apoptotic cells (++),; SOD and MDA (+++)	None

↓: a decrease vs. control; ↑: an increase vs. control; (+): a slight beneficial effect; (++): a distinct beneficial effect; (+++): a complete beneficial effect; (0): no beneficial effect; (-): intensification of the harmful effect.