Antiosteoporosis Effect and Possible Mechanisms of the Ingredients of Fructus Psoraleae in Animal Models of Osteoporosis: A Preclinical Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 4

Risk of bias of the included studies.

Study	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	Total
Chai et al. (2018) [21]	√	√	√			√			√	√	6
van Luijk et al. (2013) [22]	√	√	√						√	√	5
Moher et al. (2009) [23]	√	√	√	√		√			√	√	7
Macleod et al. (2004) [24]	√	√	√	√					√		5
Guyatt et al. (2011) [25]	√		√	√					√	√	5
Balshem et al. (2011) [26]	√	√				√			√		4
Wang et al. (2021) [27]	√	√	√	√		√				√	6
Heinrich et al. (2020) [14]	√	√	√			√			√	√	6
Shang et al. (2021) [28]	√	√				√			√	√	5
Chen and Tang (2021) [29]	√	√	√	√							4
Zhou et al. (2020) [30]	√	√	√	√					√	√	6
Liu et al. (2020) [31]	√		√			√				√	4
Wang et al. (2019) [32]	√	√	√			√			√	√	6
Zhang et al. (2019) [33]	√		√			√			√	√	5
Liu et al. (2017) [34]	√	√	√			√					4
Huang and Zhou (2017) [35]	√	√	√	√					√	√	6

Note: studies fulfilling the criteria of the following: A: peer-reviewed publication; B: control of temperature; C: random allocation to treatment or control; D: blinded induction of model (group randomly after modeling); E: blinded assessment of outcome; F: use of anesthetic without significant protective and toxic effects on bones; G: appropriate animal model (aged, hyperlipidemia, hypertensive, or diabetes); H: sample size calculation; I: compliance with animal welfare regulations (including three or more of the following points: preoperative anesthesia, postoperative analgesia, nutrition, disinfection, environment temperature, environment humidity, circadian rhythm, and euthanasia); J: statement of potential conflict of interests.